Editing vs Proofreading in a Nutshell

Many writers, especially those publishing for the first time, are unsure about the difference between editing and proofreading. The editing versus proofreading debate can be befuddling, however there is a clear distinction between them.
Like any consumer, a writer in the market for an editor should be informed about their options, and therefore this article will outline the difference between editing and proofreading. I will examine them in the specific context of a book, although the general principles also apply to other forms of writing, such as business or academic documents.
Editing for authors
Book editing, also known as copyediting, involves an editor making changes and suggestions that will improve the overall quality of the writing, particularly in relation to language use and expression. An editor’s key focuses include spelling, grammar and punctuation mistakes, improvement in sentence structure and word choice and other literary elements such as organisation, tense changes and the overuse of adjectives and adverbs.
While there are many universal norms of good writing an editor will pay attention to, they will also improve the quality of writing in the context of the book’s genre and audience, ensuring the style and tone is appropriate.
It is important to note that editing is inclusive of proofreading, although as I outline below it can be beneficial to use them as separate services at different stages of the publishing process.
I’m not here to spruik the advantages of professional book editing, other than to say that every good book has been edited. No matter how inspired an author’s ideas or moving their story, if the writing is not clear, consistent and mistake-free, it will not have the impact that it should. The self-publishing and e-book markets, let alone the traditional publishing one, are so competitive that an author can be certain that an unedited book puts them at a distinct disadvantage.
However, it is up to the author whether to edit their own book, persuade a family member of friend to undertake the task or employ a professional editor. I suggest though that they research the pros and cons of each option first.
Proofreading for authors
Book proofreading, on the other hand, has less ambition than editing and is therefore a cheaper service. Proofreading corrects mistakes in language and ensures consistency in spelling, terminology and formatting. Amongst other things, an editor will focus on spelling and grammar mistakes, the uniform application of English (such as UK or American), and consistent word use, capitalisation, hyphenation and punctuation. The editor will not make any major changes but rather fix the surface errors that inevitably creep into a book.
Whereas editing can markedly improve the quality of writing, the real power of proofreading is its ability to perfect an already good book and make sure it is publication-ready.
Although for some authors proofreading is an afterthought, just a few errors can detract from the reading experience and ensure that a book is not as successful as it could be. Many language mistakes and inconsistencies, needless to say, will be fatal dagger to the heart of any author.
Editing versus proofreading as complementary services
In short, editing can genuinely improve the quality of your writing, whereas proofreading perfects already good writing, and ensures that it is mistake-free. In deciding whether to opt for editing or proofreading, therefore, you need to answer this question: Are you satisfied with the quality of your writing?
It is important to realise that editing and proofreading are not mutually exclusive services. It is common for authors to receive an editing service at first instance, and then a final stage proofread just before publication. Editing may involve the author reevaluating and rewriting certain passages, and a later proofread acts as the ultimate quality control. Like Brian and Stewie from Family Guy, editing and proofreading complement each other well.
However, the reality is that some authors cannot afford both services. If an author is only after one, they need to choose the correct service, and this guide is designed to help them do this.
About The Expert Editor
The Expert Editor is Australia’s leading editing and proofreading company. For a more comprehensive overview of the difference between editing and proofreading, please refer to our detailed guide.